In expectancy theory, What is the relationship between expectancy and outcome?
1) Individuals will work harder if they feel confident they can achieve the required outcome.
2) The outcome of completing a task undermines a person's expectancy of how hard they need to work.
3) If individuals expect a task to be difficult, its satisfactory outcome will be viewed as a great achievement.
4) The outcome of any task is directly proportional to the amount of work expected to be put into it.