Yeltsin's basic economic approach in the 1990s in Russia was:
a) A slow, gradual, careful move from socialism to capitalism.
b) Economic "shock treatment," characterized by a quick, painful shift to capitalism, and the creation of rich and powerful "oligarchs."
c) A direction reminiscent of fascist corporatism, as seen in Italy in the 1920s.
d) A status quo approach; he believed that political change was sufficient, and economic change could wait until the 21st century.