Which youth with oppositional defiant disorder will likely have the least severe adjustment problems in adulthood?

a. Miguel, who became very rebellious around age 13, and began to hang out with deviant peers
b. All of these youths are equally likely to have severe adjustment problems in adulthood
c. Lyle, who had severe ADHD in childhood and parents who were dysfunctional in their response to it
d. Keith, who has always had a callous and unemotional personality since he was a small child