The application of electromagnetic theory serve as the cornerstone of electrical engineering, shaping the fundamental principles and practices within the discipline? Discuss how Maxwell's equations, along with concepts like electric fields, magnetic fields, and their interactions, form the theoretical framework upon which electrical engineering is built. Furthermore, explore how this theory underpins the design, analysis, and optimization of various electrical systems, including circuits, power systems, communication networks, and electromagnetic devices. Finally, consider the role of advancements in electromagnetic theory in driving innovation and development across diverse sectors, from renewable energy technologies to telecommunications and beyond.