brutal dictatorship that laste
AL African nationalists fought long wars against Portugal who held onto their colonies until 19
e military took over in Portugal and pulled out of Africa. Guinea-Bissau, Angola, and Mozambiqu
led into independence without a good foundation for either their governments or their econom
How did nationalist movements in Africa challenge European colonial rule afte
World War II? Provide examples of African countries that gained independenc
during this period and describe the struggles they faced in achieving self-rule.