In which of the following situations was the author's purpose to inform?

A presentation by an environmental group outlining all the positives of starting a community recycling program
A blog post sharing the story of a group of elementary school students learning fun ways to reuse and recycle waste for cute crafts
A speech written and delivered to the city council on why a recycling program is a waste of time and money that contains rhetoric and a sarcastic tone
An article written for a local newspaper about the community's new recycling program containing details on what items can and cannot be recycled

is it a b c or d