Identify the true statements about Executive Order 11246 with reference to affirmative action.

a) It is a presidential executive order and thus could legally be taken away by a sitting president.
b) Federal contractors were excluded from the affirmative action mandates imposed by Executive Order 11246.
c) Executive Order 11246 applies only to defense contracts and was issued to combat discrimination during World War II.
d) Affirmative action stems from a requirement imposed by Executive Order 11246 and its amendments.