In defining stereotype threat, Steele discusses the role of internalization. He asserts that:
a. A person does not need to believe the stereotype about his/her group to be true in order to be affected by stereotype threat.
b. A person must believe the stereotype about his/her group to be true in order to be affected by stereotype threat.
c. Stereotype threat can help account for chronic feelings of inferiority and low self-esteem, relative to Whites, among all ethnic minorities.
d. Stereotype threat leads to stereotype internalization.