-23 The situation described in this passage was part of which historical
development?
The Costs of Soviet Involvement in Afghanistan
1 point
Soviet leaders continue to express frustration over the protracted [drawn out]
war in Afghanistan. This was evident at the party congress in February 1956
when General Secretary Gorbachev referred to the war as a "bleeding wound."
Soviet involvement in Afghanistan has led to periodic censure within the United
Nations, become a stumbling block to improved Sino-Soviet relations, and
complicated Soviet policy toward nations in the nonaligned movement. At home,
pockets of social unrest related to Afghanistan, the diversion of energies from
pressing economic problems, and dissatisfaction in the political hierarchy over
the failure to end the war also probably worry the leadership.
The war has not been a substantial drain on the Soviet economy so far,
although the costs of the war have been rising faster than total defense spending
We estimate that from their initial invasion in December 1979 through 1986 the
Soviets have spent about 15 billion rubles on the conduct of the war. Of this total,
about 3 billion rubles would have been spent over the seven-year period even if
the USSR had not occupied Afghanistan....
"The Costs of Soviet Involvement in Afghanistan"
Central Intelligence Agency, February 1987
O(1) decolonization in Africa
O(2) growth of nationalism in Southeast Asia
O (3) regional conflicts during the Cold War
(4) rise of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the Middle
East