According to Chandler, organizational leadership can succeed only when structure follows strategy. Which of the following concepts is central to his theory?

a. Setting specific long-term objectives and addressing shifting circumstances regularly
b. Pairing a centralized top-down structure with rigid processes and resource requirements
c. Focusing on short-term goals to minimize disruptions stemming from changing markets and resources
d. Pursuing a series of competing long-term goals as to minimize the failure of any single strategy