Which of the following is true of both the 1956 revolt in Hungary and the 1968 revolt in Czechoslovakia?

a. Each was a popular grass-roots attempt to establish an American-style democracy
b. Neither received assistance from the United States because they were within the Soviet sphere of influence
c. Each received the military and political support of the Warsaw Past members
d. Neither had indigenous leadership; they were led by émigré political figures
e. Each resulted in an increase in individual freedom