Arthur is a participant in a research study. Intervention in the form of negative reinforcement is being introduced and measured. Which of the following accurately describes the principle of negative reinforcement as it pertains to Arthur?

a. An aversive stimulus is added as a consequence of Arthur's behavior
b. Punitive action takes place following Arthur's negative behavior
c. An aversive stimulus is removed as a consequence of Arthur's behavior
d. An attempt is being made to decrease a behavior of Arthur