An older adult patient presents to the clinic with symptoms of severe toe pain and achiness in the left elbow without injury. The patient's medical history is significant for hypertension. Physical examination reveals erythema, swelling, and pain in the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the right foot. Which medication may have precipitated these symptoms?
a) Hydrochlorothiazide
b) Spironolactone
c) Lisinopril
d) Losartan