What are the major risk factors for the fet Various lines of evidence indicate that the closest living relatives of modern humans are the apes. While early ancestors such as Australopithecus and Homo erectus possess some features that closest resemble in juveniles, this evolutionary process is called neoteny, involvesus if the moth Various lines of evidence indicate that the closest living relatives of modern humans are the apes. While early ancestors such as Australopithecus and Homo erectus possess some features that closest resemble in juveniles, this evolutionary process is called neoteny, involveser smokes during pregnancy?