A 2-day-old male newborn delivered at 34 weeks' gestation has respiratory distress. His pulse is 160/min, respirations are 60/min, and blood pressure is 65/45 mm Hg. A grade 3/6 rumbling murmur is heard that is associated with a hyperactive precordium and bounding pulses. Chest x-rays show enlargement of the left ventricle and mild enlargement of the aortic knob. A diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus is made. Which of the following structures is most likely involved in this patient's condition?
A) Distal part of the left sixth aortic arch
B) Distal part of the left umbilical artery
C) Proximal part of the hepatic veins
D) Proximal part of the left fifth aortic arch
E) Proximal part of the umbilical vein