Using the Rankine theory, determine the total active thrust on a vertical retaining wall 5 m high if the soil retained has a horizontal surface level with the top of the wall and has the following properties: ϕ′ = 35°; γ = 19 kN/m 3.

What is the increase in horizontal thrust if the soil slopes up from the top of the wall at an a ll at an angle of 35° to the horizontal?