The correct answer is: "cities".
When farming and agriculture proliferated, during the Neolithic era, the first human sedentary settlements appeared. These were villages where the members of each tribe or clan gathered.
Agriculture and sedentarism brought specialization and division of labor. Specialization allowed to improve the instruments and tools used for each activity and productivity was rapidly enhanced. For the first time in history, men produced more than they could consume and trade started to happen. Moreover, living standards increased, people were better fed, and ate a greater variety of food. Therefore, life spans improved.
Larger settlements, as cities, did not appear until much later, when trade activities were generalized and there was greater specialization. It constitutes a later stage in human development.