Answer :

Gibbs
George Washington called the Congress under the Articles of Confederation a "shadow without substance" because under the Articles of Confederation the Congress was given very limited powers. The Articles of Confederation gave most of the power to states and did not give much power to the national government. Therefore although it created national bodies like Congress they were just a shadow because they had very limited powers and not much of an ability to institute any real policies. 

Unless the Congress had been allocated relatively limited responsibilities or the authorities under the Confederation, George Washington called the articles "a shadow without a substance" .

  • These same Articles delegated almost all of the sovereignty to the counties as well as granted the central government little authority.
  • As more than just a result, while it established national structures such as Congress, those were only a phantom even though they had relatively restricted responsibilities and therefore no capacity to implement genuine policy.

Thus the above response is right.

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