Answer :
The answer is sentence no 3. The "father of the English literature", Chaucer, succeeds in making the readers of those times to instantly visualise the people he's describing in English (not in Latin!) : the Prioress, the Knight, the Wife of Bath, the Miller, and many other colourful pilgrims who are nonetheless representing the medieval society of Chaucer's time.
Answer:
C. It provides Chaucer with an opportunity to write about characters that represent a wide range of social classes.