Answer :
Coral is found close to shorelines and it can house many different types of organisms. The structures formed by colonies of coral are called reefs, the best example being the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. Coral is actually composed of the skeletons of dead coral. The coral excrete calcium carbonate, resulting in a hard structure which other organisms occupy. The answer is D.
I know for a fact that the answer to this question is d; i just took the test & got it right. It's also the most logical response. Hope i helped!