A gene is a functional unit of a DNA molecule, it is a segment of DNA that contains the information that is used to generate proteins. Each gene codes for a particular protein or in other words is used to produce a specific protein via the processes of transcription and translation.
By coding for a given protein, gene determines the traits or characteristics of an individual. During the process of transcription, a process catalyzed by enzyme RNA polymerase, a gene is use to generate a messenger RNA, which then undergoes the process of translation in the cytoplasm to form proteins.
