Answer :

Phosphorus is the element found in nucleic acids but not in proteins.

Further Explanation

Proteins  

  • Proteins are one of the major biomolecules that exists in nature.
  • They are made of amino acids which are the building blocks. Amino acids contain four different elements which include;
  1. Hydrogen  
  2. Oxygen  
  3. Nitrogen
  4. Carbon
  5. Some amino acid contains sulfur element.

Nucleic acids

  • Nucleic acids are one of the four major bio-molecules in nature. Nuclei acids is divided into two; RNA and DNA.
  • The building blocks of nucleic acids are Nucleotide bases which are made by a nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phosphate group.

DNA  

  • DNA is a nuclei acid that is responsible for carrying genetic information in living organisms.
  • It is through DNA that genetic information is passed from one organism to another through the process of DNA replication.
  • Additionally, it carries the information that is used to make proteins which performs various functions in living cells.
  • Each Nucleotide in DNA contains a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group.
  • DNA molecules are made up of nitrogenous bases; Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.

RNA

  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a type of nucleic acid, a molecule that plays a major role in the flow of information from the DNA to the proteins. For a gene to be expressed information has to be passed through the RNA.
  • Each nucleotide in RNA contains a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group.
  • Nitrogenous bases in RNA includes; Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and uracil. Thymine in DNA is replaced with Uracil.

Keywords: DNA, RNA, Nitrogenous bases  

Learn more about:  

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Level: High school

Subject; Biology

Topic; Nucleic acids

Sub-topic: RNA and DNA structure

Proteins are composed of amino acids, whereas nucleic acid is composed of a nitrogenous base, phosphate, and sugar.

Further Explanation:

Amino acids are also called the building blocks of proteins. They are composed of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Some amino acid, such as cysteine also contains sulphur. Amino acids residues are joined together by a peptide bond to carry out the formation of a polypeptide chain of a protein. Some proteins also act as an enzyme which is involved in metabolic functions of the body and catalyzes several biochemical functions. They also play a significant role in cell signalling, adhesion, regulation of normal cell cycle, and immune responses.

Nucleic acids are important biomolecule that are made of nitrogenous bases, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. There are two types of nitrogenous bases such as purine and pyrimidine bases. Purine base involves adenine and guanine whereas, pyrimidine base involves cytosine, thymine, and uracil nitrogenous base. Two types of sugars that is ribose and deoxyribose sugar are also found in the nucleic acid.

There are two types of nucleic acid such as DNA and RNA. Deoxyribose sugar, thymine pyrimidine base is found in the DNA, whereas ribose sugar and uracil pyrimidine base is found in the RNA molecule. The nucleotides are linked with one another by covalent bonds. The covalent bonds are present between one molecule of phosphate and another molecule of sugar. The type of linkage formed between phosphate group and sugar molecule of nucleic acid is called phosphodiester linkage that leads to the formation of the phosphate-sugar backbone of DNA and RNA.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Biomolecules

Keywords:

Nucleic acid, protein, DNA, RNA, phosphorus, sugar, ribose, deoxy-ribose, amino acid, carbon, oxygen, water, hydrogen, sulphur.