The creation of independent city-states in ancient Greece can be most directly attributed to the

(1) diverse ethnic groups in the region
(2) large number of different languages
(3) rugged mountainous terrain
(4) practice of oligarchy



Answer :

Generally speaking, the creation of independent city-states in ancient Greece can be most directly attributed to the "(1) diverse ethnic groups in the region", since people tended to congregate with "their own".