Answer :
During Reconstruction, the Black Codes were D) laws passed by mainly Southern states to keep African Americans in a system of virtual slavery. The Black Codes were laws to restrict the freedom of movement of African-Americans (even though they were not all slaves) and to segregate White Americans and African-Americans. It also worked to keep African-Americans with low wage jobs, so that they could not move upwards in the social ladder. It also allowed policemen to arrest African-American people and force them into involuntary labor (which is a type of slavery).
Black Codes were instituted on a state level and were passed by mainly Southern states to keep African Americans in a system of virtual slavery. These are NOT the same things as “Jim Crow” laws, which were brought to bear at the end of the 19th century.