Answer :
A supernova. This happens towards the end of the lifetime of a star. It is a massive explosion that eventually causes the collapse of a star which eventually will turn into a black hole. Sometimes when a start explodes it will shine brightly for weeks or months before eventually fading into black.
The question is asking to states the term that states an explosion that destroys the outer portion of a star, and base on my research, I would say that it is a Supernova, which is due to the death of a star. I hope you are satisfied with my answer and feel free to ask for more if you have question and further clarification