The correct answer is 2. A major reason for Commodore Matthew Perry's 1854 visit to Japan was to open United States trade relations with Japan.
In 1854, Perry broke Japan's international isolation and forced it to open up to other foreign countries through the Kanagawa Treaty, which was signed on March 31, 1854 between the Japanese authorities and him, in the Japanese port of Shimoda. This treaty ended with 251 years of isolation from Japan and, at the same time, its policy of exclusion (Sakoku), thus opening the Japanese ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to trade with the United States, guaranteeing the safety of American castaways and establishing a permanent consul in that country.
