Answer:
Proteins and Carbohydrates
Explanation:
- Plasma membrane, also known as plasma membrane or even plasmatic membrane, is a phospholipid bilayer that separates the cytosol of the cell from the outside of the cell.
- This structure is formed by two layers of phospholipids, a structure divided into two separate parts: a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. These molecules permit certain substances to cross the membrane cell and others don't, selecting which molecules are allowed inside the cell.
- To allow certain substances to cross the cell, the proteins are responsible for this process of transportation from the outside of the cell to the inside part, fundamental in the communication between the cell and the environment.
- Some other proteins are responsible for receiving chemical messages, also known as signaling molecules, and transporting these messages inside the cell.
- There are Glycoproteins, which are located outside the cell membrane, involved in the recognition of other cells to identify "enemies" or "allies". They also help to form bonds between different types of cells.
- There are also the Desmosomes and other adhesive protein complexes, responsible for connecting cells and forming tissues, improving the capacity of the exchange of nutrients, proteins, and energy between cells.
- Lastly, there are the Carbohydrates (Glycocalyx), which allow cell recognition and protection of the cell, also providing stability to the membrane, which contributes to the protection of the cell against the environment.
Learn more about proteins and carbohydrates here: https://brainly.com/question/17195881
