The main political change that occurred in Europe that caused WWII was the rise in nationalism. Nationalism is an extreme form of patriotism and loyalty to one's nation, often leading to a belief in the superiority of one's own country over others. This sense of national pride and desire for dominance can escalate tensions between nations, ultimately leading to conflicts like World War II.
1. **Nationalism:** The rise of nationalism in Europe during the early 20th century played a significant role in the outbreak of WWII. Countries such as Germany, Italy, and Japan embraced nationalist ideologies that fueled their ambitions for expansion and dominance. This led to aggressive foreign policies, territorial conquests, and militarization, all of which heightened the chances of a global conflict.
2. **Examples:**
- In Germany, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party capitalized on nationalist sentiments, advocating for the expansion of German territory and the superiority of the Aryan race. This aggressive nationalism ultimately led to the invasion of neighboring countries and the start of WWII.
- In Italy, Benito Mussolini promoted an expansionist nationalist agenda, seeking to restore Italy to its former Roman Empire glory. This quest for power and dominance contributed to Italy's involvement in WWII.
3. **Impact:** The intense nationalism that gripped Europe in the lead-up to WWII exacerbated existing tensions, fueled militarization, and eroded diplomatic efforts to maintain peace. The clash of nationalist ambitions among major powers created a volatile environment that ultimately culminated in the outbreak of WWII.
In conclusion, the rise in nationalism in Europe was a key political change that significantly contributed to the onset of World War II by fostering aggression, territorial ambitions, and competition among nations.
