The two European countries known for colonizing South Africa are:
1. **Dutch**: The Dutch established a colony in South Africa known as the Cape Colony. They were the first Europeans to establish a settlement in the region in the 17th century.
2. **British**: The British later gained control of the Cape Colony from the Dutch in the early 19th century through a series of wars and treaties. The British colonization of South Africa had a significant impact on the region's history and demographics.
