**Problema 2:**
To calculate the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance, you can use the formula:
Q = mcΔT
Where:
Q = heat energy
m = mass of the substance
c = specific heat capacity of the substance
ΔT = change in temperature
Given that the substance needs to go from 26°C to 140°C, the change in temperature is 140°C - 26°C = 114°C.
If the specific heat capacity of the substance is known, you can calculate the heat energy required. If not, the question may need additional information.
**Problema 3:**
For this problem, we need to determine the specific heat capacity of the substance.
The formula to calculate the specific heat capacity is:
c = Q / (m * ΔT)
Given that the mass (m) is 720.325 grams, the heat energy (Q) required is 2300 calories, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is from 37°C to 140°C.
By substituting these values into the formula, we can calculate the specific heat capacity of the substance.
Once you have the specific heat capacity value, you can refer to a table of specific heat capacities to identify the substance based on the calculated value.
**Problema 4:**
In this scenario, we are dealing with a phase change of water from liquid to solid (ice).
To calculate the heat energy absorbed or released during a phase change, you can use the formula:
Q = m * L
Where:
Q = heat energy
m = mass of the substance
L = specific latent heat of fusion for water (334 J/g)
Given that we are dealing with 100 g of water turning into ice at -8°C, you need to account for the heat absorbed during the phase change.
Calculate the heat energy required for the phase change from water at 12°C to ice at -8°C using the formula above.
By following these steps, you can effectively solve each problem by applying the relevant formulas and concepts related to heat energy and specific heat capacity.
