Answer :
The basis for the Supreme Court's ruling in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) was the Sixth Amendment. Here's why:
1. The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to counsel in criminal prosecutions. It states that "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial... and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence."
2. In the Gideon v. Wainwright case, Clarence Gideon argued that his constitutional right to counsel had been violated when he was not provided with an attorney for his defense in a criminal trial.
3. The Supreme Court agreed with Gideon and ruled that under the Sixth Amendment, states are required to provide counsel for defendants who cannot afford an attorney.
Therefore, the Sixth Amendment served as the basis for the Court's ruling in Gideon v. Wainwright, ensuring that individuals have the right to legal representation in criminal cases.