Scenario: Patricia is at a small beach on a warm summer day. There are several other people around, also enjoying the water and the sun, with several children playing in the sand and the water and making noise. A man out in somewhat deeper water, farther away from the others, begins splashing erratically. Patricia sees the man, though she also notices that nobody else seems to be doing anything about it or responding at all. However, Patricia believes that the man is in distress, and that she should probably try to intervene if nobody else is going to help. Even if it turns out that she is wrong, and the man is just playing some strange game, she is not afraid of making a mistake and feeling embarrassed if she happens to look foolish in front of the other people at the beach. However, Patricia is not a very strong swimmer, and is not confident that she could hold the man and swim back to shallow water, nor is she particularly knowledgeable about how to properly perform CPR.
Questions: According to Latane & Darley's model of bystander intervention, there are multiple steps that a person goes through before actually helping another person. Identify each of these steps and what must be done in order to advance beyond them, briefly describe an impediment that can occur at each stage, and identify if this impediment is occurring for Patricia. Lastly, identify whether Patricia would be likely to intervene, and if not, then at what stage she would have stalled.