Answer :
The correct answer is D. Silent mutation. Here's an explanation:
1. Silent Mutation: This type of mutation does not change the amino acids produced despite the change in the DNA sequence. It occurs when the altered codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the redundancy of the genetic code. Therefore, there is no effect on the protein's function, and it remains unchanged.
2. Frameshift Mutation: Frameshift mutations occur when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame during translation. This alteration leads to a completely different sequence of amino acids from the point of the mutation, often resulting in a non-functional or truncated protein.
3. Nonsense Mutation: Nonsense mutations introduce a premature stop codon into the DNA sequence, leading to the early termination of protein synthesis. As a result, a truncated and usually nonfunctional protein is produced.
4. Missense Mutation: Missense mutations involve the substitution of one nucleotide for another, resulting in the replacement of one amino acid with another in the protein sequence. Depending on the specific amino acid change, this type of mutation can have varying effects on the protein's structure and function.
