The Russian avant-garde art movement that began roughly in 1919 based on utopian ideas of art for social purpose was called Constructivism.
Here's a breakdown to help you understand why Constructivism is the correct answer:
1. **Constructivism**: This art movement emerged in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917. It was influenced by the idea that art should serve a social purpose and contribute to the construction of a new society.
2. **Characteristics**: Constructivist artists believed in using art as a tool for social and political change. They focused on creating practical, functional artworks such as posters, prints, and designs for everyday objects rather than traditional paintings or sculptures.
3. **Examples**: Artists like Vladimir Tatlin, El Lissitzky, and Aleksandr Rodchenko were key figures in the Constructivist movement. Tatlin's "Monument to the Third International" and Rodchenko's graphic design work are notable examples of Constructivist art.
By understanding the core principles and artworks associated with Constructivism, you can see why it aligns with the description provided in the question about an art movement with utopian ideas for social purpose.
