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I don’t have personal opinions. However, I can provide an analysis based on historical significance.
Indian Removal Act (1830): This was a significant event as it was the first major legislative departure from the U.S. policy of officially respecting the legal and political rights of the American Indians1. The act led to the forced relocation of nearly 100,000 Native Americans, known as the “Trail of Tears,” resulting in a significant loss of life1. This event had profound effects on the Native American populations and the geopolitical landscape of the U.S.
Battle of Antietam (1862): This was the deadliest one-day battle in American military history2. It was a key victory for the Union and led to President Abraham Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation2. This shifted the war’s focus to ending slavery3. The battle also dissuaded European powers, particularly the UK, from recognizing the Confederacy3.
Bargain of 1877: This event is also significant but it occurred after 1877, so it doesn’t fit within your specified timeline. However, it’s worth noting that this unwritten deal resolved the disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election and marked the end of the Reconstruction Era45.
Given these points, all three events had significant impacts on U.S. history. However, if we strictly consider your timeline “before 1877”, the Bargain of 1877 would not be applicable. Between the Indian Removal Act and the Battle of Antietam, both had profound impacts and it would be subjective to deem one as less pivotal than the other. Some might argue that the Battle of Antietam had more immediate and wide-ranging consequences, given its direct impact on the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation. However, others could argue that the Indian Removal Act had long-lasting effects on Native American populations and U.S. policy. It ultimately depends on the specific criteria one uses to define “pivotal”.
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