La Niña occurs when the trade winds strengthen over the Pacific Ocean. This phenomenon can lead to increased rainfall and flooding in the southern United States.
Explanation:
1. La Niña is characterized by the cooling of ocean surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, which is caused by stronger-than-normal trade winds.
2. These strengthened trade winds push warm surface waters towards the western Pacific, leading to cooler sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific.
3. The cooling of ocean temperatures during La Niña can alter global weather patterns, resulting in increased rainfall and potential flooding in certain regions like the southern United States.
4. The enhanced convection and uplift of warm, moist air associated with La Niña can bring above-average precipitation to the southern U.S., increasing the risk of flooding in those areas.
