The best answer is:
a. a negative bias against an entire group.
Explanation:
1. Collective discrimination refers to discrimination against an entire group of people based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, gender, or religion.
2. This type of discrimination targets the group as a whole rather than individuals within the group.
3. It involves holding negative biases and prejudices against the entire group, leading to unfair treatment and disadvantage for its members.