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To determine which molecule is nonpolar, we need to look at the molecular geometry and symmetry of each molecule. A molecule is nonpolar when the electronegativity difference between the atoms is very small or when the molecular shape is symmetrical.
Let's analyze the molecules provided:
A. PF3 - This molecule is nonpolar because it has a trigonal pyramidal shape with three fluorine atoms and one phosphorus atom. The dipole moments of the three P-F bonds cancel each other out due to the symmetrical arrangement, making the molecule nonpolar.
B. CO - This molecule is polar because oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, creating a dipole moment that does not cancel out.
C. CH3Cl - This molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and chlorine, causing an uneven distribution of charge.
D. O2 - This molecule is nonpolar because it consists of two oxygen atoms bonded together with a double bond, and the electronegativity of the atoms is the same.
In conclusion, the nonpolar molecule among the options provided is PF3. It is nonpolar due to its symmetrical molecular geometry.
