Convergent evolution occurs when two species from different areas evolve similarities through natural selection acting on those characteristics. This means that despite not sharing a recent common ancestor, these species develop similar traits due to facing similar environmental pressures.
Examples of convergent evolution include the evolution of wings in birds, bats, and insects. While these groups do not share a recent common ancestor with wings, they have independently evolved this trait to adapt to a flying lifestyle in their respective environments. Another example is the streamlined body shape of dolphins and sharks, which both live in water but are not closely related.
Convergent evolution showcases how natural selection can drive species towards similar solutions to survive and thrive in their environments, even if they started from very different genetic backgrounds. It highlights the power of adaptation and the role of the environment in shaping the diversity of life on Earth.
