T cells and B cells are types of white blood cells known as lymphocytes. They play crucial roles in the immune system's defense against pathogens. Here's a breakdown of their functions:
1. T cells:
- T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
- They help in recognizing and killing infected cells, cancer cells, and other pathogens.
- There are various types of T cells, such as helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and regulatory T cells.
- Helper T cells coordinate the immune response by secreting cytokines, which activate other immune cells.
- Cytotoxic T cells directly attack and destroy infected cells.
- Regulatory T cells help in controlling the immune response to prevent autoimmune reactions.
2. B cells:
- B cells are involved in humoral immunity.
- They produce antibodies (immunoglobulins) that can neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
- When B cells encounter antigens (molecules that trigger an immune response), they differentiate into plasma cells that secrete specific antibodies.
- Memory B cells are also produced, providing long-term immunity by "remembering" how to fight specific pathogens upon future exposure.
In summary, T cells and B cells are vital components of the immune system, working together to protect the body from infections and diseases.
