The factors that contributed to the world's overall population growth since the 19th century are:
1. Advancements in health and medicine: Improved healthcare services, the development of vaccines, antibiotics, and medical technologies have significantly reduced mortality rates, leading to longer life expectancy and population growth.
2. Increased food production: Agricultural innovations, such as mechanization, fertilizers, and genetically modified crops, have boosted food supplies, ensuring more people have access to sufficient nutrition, contributing to population growth.
3. Improved transportation of goods: Enhanced transportation systems, like railways, ships, and later airplanes, have facilitated the movement of goods, enabling efficient distribution of resources and reducing the likelihood of food shortages, thereby supporting population growth.
