1. Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. It is a fundamental concept in physics that comes in various forms such as kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (stored energy).
2. The measurement unit of energy is the joule (J). It is a derived unit in the International System of Units and is equivalent to the work done by a force of one newton acting over a distance of one meter.
3.
a. Produce (Yield or Equal): This term refers to the amount of energy generated or obtained from a process or system. For example, a solar panel produces electricity by converting sunlight into electrical energy.
b. Transform: Transformation of energy involves changing energy from one form to another. For instance, a light bulb transforms electrical energy into light energy and heat energy when turned on.
c. System: In the context of energy, a system is a set of components or objects that work together to perform a specific function. An example is a car engine system that converts fuel (chemical energy) into mechanical energy to propel the vehicle.
d. Environment: The environment refers to the surroundings or external conditions that can affect energy transfer or transformation. For instance, wind turbines harness wind energy from the environment to generate electricity.
e. Initial state: The initial state of a system or process refers to its starting condition in terms of energy. It is the state before any energy transfer or transformation occurs. For example, a charged battery has stored energy in its initial state.
f. Final state: The final state of a system or process is the condition after energy transfer or transformation has taken place. For instance, after a light bulb has been turned on, its final state includes the light and heat energy produced.
By understanding these terms and concepts, you can grasp how energy operates in different scenarios and systems, leading to a deeper comprehension of its role in the physical world.
