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The function of the root cap is to protect the delicate growing tip of the root as it pushes through the soil. Here's why:
1. The root cap covers the root tip and acts as a shield, preventing damage as the root grows downward into the soil.
2. It helps in navigating through the soil by sensing gravity and moisture gradients, aiding the root in its growth direction.
3. The root cap secretes a slimy substance that lubricates the root's passage through the soil, reducing friction and allowing for smoother penetration.
In summary, the main function of the root cap is to protect the growing root tip and assist in its downward growth through the soil.
