In the case of United States v. Nixon in 1974, the Supreme Court ruled that:
a. There is not an absolute, unqualified, claim of executive privilege in criminal investigations.
The ruling stated that while executive privilege exists to protect sensitive information, it is not absolute, especially in cases involving criminal investigations. This decision highlighted the importance of balancing the need for confidentiality with the requirements of justice and the rule of law.
By setting this precedent, the Supreme Court clarified that the president's right to keep certain information confidential through executive privilege is not unlimited, particularly when it comes to matters of criminal investigations where the public interest in fair and transparent proceedings outweighs the need for secrecy.
