Answer :
To demonstrate the formation of ionic compounds using electron-dot notation for the combinations of Li and Cl, as well as Ca and I, follow these steps:
a. Formation of LiCl (Lithium Chloride):
- Lithium (Li) has 1 valence electron, which is represented as •Li•.
- Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons, which are represented as •Cl:•.
- Lithium can donate its electron to chlorine to achieve stability.
- The transfer results in Li+ (loses 1 electron) and Cl- (gains 1 electron).
- The ionic compound formed is LiCl (Lithium Chloride), with Li+ and Cl- ions attracted to each other due to opposite charges.
b. Formation of CaI2 (Calcium Iodide):
- Calcium (Ca) has 2 valence electrons, which are represented as •Ca••.
- Iodine (I) has 7 valence electrons, which are represented as •I:•.
- Calcium can donate its electrons to iodine to achieve stability.
- The transfer results in Ca2+ (loses 2 electrons) and I- (gains 1 electron).
- Two iodine atoms are needed to accept the two electrons from calcium.
- The ionic compound formed is CaI2 (Calcium Iodide), with Ca2+ and 2I- ions attracted to each other due to opposite charges.
By following these steps and representing the electron transfers using electron-dot notation, you can visualize how ionic compounds are formed between elements like Li and Cl, as well as Ca and I.
