Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism, known as the parasite, benefits at the expense of another organism, known as the host. This relationship is often harmful to the host, as the parasite may damage its host's tissues or steal vital nutrients.
Here is a step-by-step explanation:
1. Two organisms are involved: the parasite and the host.
2. The parasite lives on or in the body of the host.
3. The parasite derives some benefit from the host, typically nourishment or shelter.
4. The relationship is typically detrimental to the host's health because it may lead to injury, disease, or in some cases even the death of the host.
5. The parasite, however, does not seek to kill its host, because a living host is generally necessary for the parasite's survival and reproduction.
An example of parasitism is the relationship between fleas and dogs. In this case:
1. The flea (the parasite) lives on the dog (the host).
2. The flea benefits by consuming the dog's blood.
3. This relationship can harm the dog by causing discomfort, irritation, potential allergic reactions, or even transmitting diseases.
4. Despite the harm to the dog, it is in the flea's interest to keep the dog alive so that it can continue to provide sustenance.
