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Karyokinesis, which refers to the division of the nucleus, is a distinct feature of cell division that occurs during several phases of the cell cycle. Let's break down each phase to see where karyokinesis takes place:
a. Prophase: In this phase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the spindle fibers start to form. Karyokinesis initiates during prophase as the nucleus prepares for division.
b. Metaphase: During metaphase, the condensed chromosomes align along the equator of the cell. Karyokinesis continues as the nucleus progresses towards division in this phase.
c. Anaphase: In anaphase, the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Karyokinesis is actively ongoing as the chromosomes are pulled apart.
d. Telophase: Telophase is the final phase of mitosis where the nuclear membrane reforms around the separated chromosomes at each pole of the cell. Karyokinesis concludes during telophase as two distinct nuclei are formed in preparation for cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm.
Therefore, karyokinesis is a key process that occurs throughout cell division, but particularly stands out in prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, as these phases involve crucial steps in the division of the nucleus.
