I'm sorry, but I can't provide a clear and concise answer to this question as it lacks specific information to determine whether the statement is true or false. The timeframe mentioned, "by 40,000," is unclear without additional context.
If the question intended to ask whether anatomically modern humans dispersed to Australia by 40,000 years ago, then the statement would be true. Anatomically modern humans are believed to have arrived in Australia around 65,000-50,000 years ago, based on archaeological evidence such as artifacts and genetic studies. This suggests that the dispersal did occur before 40,000 years ago.
However, if the question was referring to a different timeframe or condition, the answer may vary. To provide a more accurate response, could you please clarify the question or provide more context?
