The states that are not affected by equilibrium parameters are solids and liquids.
1. Solids: In solids, particles are closely packed together and have little freedom of movement. As a result, the equilibrium parameters such as pressure and volume do not significantly impact the behavior of solids. Solids maintain their shape and volume under normal conditions, regardless of changes in pressure or volume.
2. Liquids: Similarly to solids, liquids are not significantly affected by equilibrium parameters like pressure or volume. Liquids take the shape of their container but maintain a constant volume. Changes in pressure or volume do not have a significant impact on the properties of liquids.
On the other hand, concentration and gases are affected by equilibrium parameters:
- Concentration: Concentration is influenced by factors like temperature, pressure, and volume. Changes in these parameters can affect the concentration of a substance in a solution or a mixture.
- Gases: Gases are highly influenced by equilibrium parameters. Factors such as pressure, temperature, and volume have a significant impact on the behavior of gases according to gas laws like Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and the Combined Gas Law. Gases expand or contract based on changes in these parameters.
