**1. Transverse Binary Fission:**
- **Definition:** Transverse binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction where the parent organism divides into two daughter cells horizontally, perpendicular to the long axis of the body.
- **Process in Paramecium:** In Paramecium, a single-celled organism, transverse binary fission begins with the elongation of the cell. The micronucleus undergoes mitosis, while the macronucleus elongates and divides. The cell then constricts transversely, separating the two nuclei. Finally, the cell splits into two daughter cells, each with a micronucleus and a macronucleus, resulting in the formation of two new Paramecium organisms.
**2. Role of Pancreas in Frog's Digestion:**
- The pancreas of a frog plays a crucial role in digestion by secreting digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the frog's body.
- The pancreas releases enzymes such as amylase to digest carbohydrates, lipase to digest fats, and protease to digest proteins. These enzymes are essential for the breakdown of food components into nutrients that the frog can utilize for energy and growth.
- Additionally, the pancreas also produces bicarbonate ions to neutralize the acidic chyme (partially digested food) that enters the small intestine from the stomach. This neutralization creates a suitable environment for the action of digestive enzymes and protects the lining of the intestine from damage due to acidity.
- Overall, the pancreas of a frog plays a vital role in ensuring proper digestion and nutrient absorption, contributing to the frog's overall health and survival.
